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Report
On June 9, 2023, the Center for Strategic Studies and Simulation (CS3), United Service Institution of India (USI) organised a Round Table Discussion on ‘Pakistan: Present and Future’. Maj Gen BK Sharma, AVSM, SM and Bar (Retd), Director General of USI, delivered the introductory remarks. Prof. Dr. Ishtiaq Ahmed, Professor Emeritus of Political Science at Stockholm University was the key speaker, who spoke on the topic ‘Pakistan: Present and Future’. It was followed by remarks from the discussants – Capt (Dr) Alok Bansal (Retd), Director at India Foundation, Dr Shalini Chawla, Distinguished Fellow at CAPS and Dr Ashish Shukla, Associate Fellow at MP-IDSA. Following the session, an interactive Q&A round was held to allow the participants to further delve into the topic. Finally, a token of appreciation was given by the Director General of USI to the esteemed panellists.
Panellists
Key Take Aways:
Historical Significance and Constitutional Reforms: The speakers unanimously agreed that the 1947 Partition between India and Pakistan was a tragic event that continues to impact the region. They stressed the need for Pakistan to evolve into a secular state, through focusing on constitutional amendments. Current constitution falls short in addressing contemporary issues and requires comprehensive reforms.
Involvement of Pakistan Military in Domestic Affairs: Speaker talked on Pakistani military's involvement in domestic politics has had a detrimental impact on the country. Its frequent interventions have undermined democratic processes and hindered the political and economic growth of Pakistan. Furthermore, the military's interference has eroded public trust in civilian institutions, creating a culture of political instability and uncertainty. The excessive influence of the military in shaping policies and appointments has also stifled dissent and marginalized opposition voices, limiting the diversity of perspectives and hindering meaningful debate for the betterment of the nation.
Interactive Discussion
Economic Crisis and Debt Burden: The panel expressed deep concern over Pakistan's economic crisis. The country is going through tough financial times, as they have to pay back a loan of 3.75 billion USD by June 2023. Additionally, Pakistan's current revenue is lesser than the interest that they need to pay for loans. To add to the burden, Pakistan has to repay 77.5 billion USD of external debt by June 2026, and the risk of default is considered real. Therefore, Immediate measures are needed to address these economic challenges.
Token of Appreciation
Regional Dynamics and Diplomatic Relations: The discussion also touched upon the strained relationship between India and Pakistan. While diplomatic engagement remains low, it was noted as a positive sign that both countries continue to maintain a ceasefire. However, challenge for Pakistan comes from Taliban as it is an ideological organisation, which is why Taliban never helped Pakistan to eliminate Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). It creates an additional obstacle for Pakistan's security forces in their efforts to combat terrorism and maintain peace and security.
Token of Appreciation
Report by Manav Saini
Research Assistant
CS3, USI